‘Who’, ‘that’, and ‘which’ … Finish Editing. These clauses give information about someone or something in the main clause. This table lists relative pronouns and adverbs and how they can be used: 1: We sometimes use who to refer to animals, particularly domestic pets: Is Sheba the dog who was run over and nearly killed last year? 2 J The fashion icon Mary Quant, who is famous for inventing the mini-skirt, has left her business. His relationship with the girl’s mother, (7)………. 3 D The global warming conference, which was held in The Hague, has ended without agreement. (Only some of the tribespeople retained their land – this defines a group.). The bank robbery what I told you about is in the local newspaper. Some lines are correct. Note that that can be used in informal English instead of who/whom/which but it is never used after commas, i.e. 7  A The politician who was disgraced in a financial scandal has handed in his resignation. 11        which this shop makes-them => which this shop makes. You may want to revise the topic before you do this exercise. Here, the pronoun is the object of the subordinate clause (you made the film). No, mine is the one is parked just opposite … (All of the tribespeople retained their land, and, incidentally, they traded with the settlers. We can also use which to refer to the ‘idea’ of a whole clause: When he came home, he was unusually attentive, which made her very suspicious. the whole clause acts as a noun, either a subject or an object. 7: We can use that as an alternative to when in defining relative clauses: I remember – it was the day when/ that the heatwave started. A relative pronoun can be the subject of a relative clause: Last week I saw that film which won all the Oscars. 3: We can use that to refer to people or objects, but we usually prefer to use who for a person when the pronoun is the subject of the relative clause: Ms Harrison is the lawyer who/that has been chosen to represent you. They take home pieces of an ancient monument, 10        or of a coral reef which will gradually result in erosion of the attractions and, 11        therefore of the industry. Thus the ground is prepared in this first episode for a series (10)………. Exercise to practice relative clauses. Relative clauses are subordinate clauses which refer to the noun of the main clause, identifying it or adding extra information. There are two types of relative clause: defining clauses (identifying the noun or classifying it as part of a group) and non-defining clauses (adding information about the noun). (adjective), People from Wales are often quite musical. ✓ It was the money (that) I wanted, not the fame. the book that you were looking for. It is sometimes difficult. a young man is being chased. Enjoy! FS0204 Tutorial 8 – Relative Clause Exercise 1 Identify if the sentences consist of defining or non-defining relative clauses. Brockenhurst School, which opened as an educational experiment in 1974. is to close this summer. In defining relatives, the relative clause gives information which is necessary for the sense of the sentence. 6 to be informed of the government’s decision, 3 which it is => which is wholly seasonal, 6 government is-already receiving => government which/that is already receiving/government, 12 tourist what wants => tourist who/that wants. I They have been studying cancer genes for years. Do you need help? who, which, where We use who for people. …….which……. 0 Scientists ………(I) who have been studying cancer genes for years have just discovered a new wonder – cure for cancer. We often use a relative clause with the same pattern for emphasis, with introductory It: It is always violent crime that provokes the most extreme reaction from the public. There is a good film on the television tonight. 10. Review the rules on relative clauses and you'll be able to do this as well. A relative pronoun can also be the object of a relative clause: Last week I saw the film which you made at college. While ‘what’ isn’t used in the same way as ‘that’ or ‘which’ it can fulfil the same functions as the other relative pronouns: Why don’t you tell the police what you told me yesterday? This calls wakes up a man (3)……… most viewers will recognise as Keith Allen – the slightly sleazy unshaven Cockney (4)……. We can do this with a participle phrase: Marilyn was the woman living in the flat underneath us at the time (= … who  lived/was living in …), The clauses struck out of the agreement were all unimportant. Is that your car? Relative clauses - exercises. (= the thing that I wanted). F It was in danger of closing through lack of. Exercise 1 - Defining relative clauses. Reduced Relative Clauses Reduced relative clauses exercise adapted from Life by National Geographic ID: 21250 Language: English School subject: English as a Second Language (ESL) Grade/level: Upper Intermediate / Advanced Age: 12+ Main content: Relative clauses … Where we put the preposition depends on formality: Note: We do not put a preposition before the relative pronoun that: X  This system provides a case in that the contact lenses can be kept. People who use body language to communicate are interesting to watch. 6     F London Zoo, which was in danger of closing through lack of funds, has remained open. 4. 16        the residents who living here => the residents who are living here/the residents living here, 17        a genuine Ming vase, that-was worth => a genuine Ming vase, which was worth, 18        The bank-robbery-what told you-about => The bank robbery that/which I told you about. We use non-defining relative clauses mainly in writing and formal speech. The goal is that you really understand how relative clauses work in … We can use which or that + a preposition instead of when: The attacks continued up to the day on which the agreement was signed. Defining relative clauses - 1. 9: We use what to mean ‘the thing that/ which’. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause. Choose the correct answer. The school currently employs 28 teachers, (3) all of whom come from the holistic school of education. This is a ratified life in (8)………., but which does a lot of good for the less fortunate. Combine the following sentences into one sentence using relative clauses. A defining relative clause identifies or classifies a noun or pronoun in the main clause: (In the second example, the relative clause classifies the members of a group.). Brooke Astor, for example, is a 97-year-old socialite (5)……….. to charitable causes in the last 40 years. Use comma(s) if its a non-defining relative clause and do not use comma(s) if its a defining relative clause. By exercises_admin On 31 July 2016 In Grammar Exercises Relative Clauses Who, Which, That Quiz with Answers (Online) Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative pronouns who*, … Starbucks ___________________________________________________________. There are two types of relative clause: defining clauses (identifying the noun or classifying it as part of a group) and non-defining clauses … We now mainly use it after prepositions: I am referring to the person with whom you were seen on that evening. Defining relative clauses - 2. Mozart’s birthplace and the house that he composed The Magic Flute’ in are both now museums. This article has too many relative clauses in it. We are at the beginning of a medical revolution, according to an article that appeared in, Dubai which is a small country in the Middle East has many tall buildings. It means the same as: Why don’t you tell the police the story (that) you told me yesterday. Tutorial 8 - Grammar Practice (Relative Clauses).docx, morning power up session english language essay.txt, Tutorial 3-Paraphrasing and Summary Writing.docx, James Cook University Singapore • FDN FS0100, 292729495-Historical-Materialism-K-WIP.docx, Students_Lecture 2 Literary Analysis.pptx, 20140224-postnl-annual-report-2013_tcm9-15599.pdf, James Cook University Singapore • BU 1002. Starbucks wants to open new stores in China. In an explanation of (7)……….., she admits that she tries to stimulate competition amongst her wealthy and famous guests. who eventually became my father-in-law (  ), at a Law Society meeting. The charity event raised over £1,000 for St Andrew’s Hospice which opened last year. Defining relative clauses - 4. All the teachers (0) who are      currently employed by the school will be relocated to other schools in the area (1) which have staff vacancies. Complete the following article by writing each missing relative pronoun or adverb in the space provided. Relative clauses are subordinate clauses which refer to the noun of the main clause, identifying it or adding extra information. ¹An object relative pronoun cannot be omitted from (left out of) a nonidentifying clause. It’s usually children from deprived backgrounds. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. It is also called nonrestrictive, nonessential, or unnecessary clause. Exercises. In the next exercise, some of the adjective clauses use a subject relative pronoun and some use an object relative pronoun. High taxation is often the main reason for which governments fall. This is the bank was robbed yesterday. I’d like to meet whoever did that to the garden hedge! All the staff and students (9) who have been participating over the years will agree that this is a sad day not only for the local community but for education in this country as a whole.’, (0) who are currently employed by the school  => currently employed by the school. He … We can often use where (for places) or when (for times) instead of which + preposition: This is the house where I grew up/ which I grew up in/ in which I grew up. The first one has been done for you. I don’t mind. Exercise #3 – Add the Correct Relative Pronoun. We cannot omit the pronoun if it is the subject of the clause: X  The girl works for the florist in the High Street was at the party. Relative pronouns are the words that introduce relative clauses. Do you need help? In most lines, there is an unnecessary word, a word missing or a punctuation error. Sir Patrick, who is 62, has decided to take early retirement. We use relative clauses to make clear which person or thing we are talking about: Marie Curie is the woman who discovered radium. Use the present perfect tense in the main clause. Another possibility is to use an infinitive phrase: Newton was the first person to really understand the laws of gravity. Defining relative clauses We use defining relative clauses to specify which person, thing or place we are talking about. It is therefore unnecessary to repeat the noun from the main clause or introduce a personal pronoun to replace it: X    I used to live in one of those houses that they have now been demolished. Here, the pronoun is the subject of the relative clause (the film won the Oscars), even though it is the object of the main clause (I saw the film). => St Andrew’s Hospice, which opened last year. Relative pronouns are words like who, which, that, whom and where. 20        most of them proved => most of which proved. 13        bars have got toffee in- the middle? Exercise on Relative Clauses (Contact clauses) Relative Pronouns (who / which / whose) Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose). Compare: The people who this report is addressed to will have to consider carefully the consequences of the proposed cuts. High taxation is often the main reason which governments fall. Families whose incomes are below a certain level … 7 The politician …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 The size 16 model ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Defining relative clauses - 3. While this kind of destruction may be wholly, 12        unintentional, a certain type of tourist what wants only a ‘good time’ can be, 13        very destructive in a different way: they drink too much, pick fights and, 14        destroy the clubs and bars where they are drinking in. The use of commas reflects the way we say the two types of relative clause. 5: We often omit a relative pronoun when it refers to the object of a defining relative clause: The girl (who) I met in the florist’s was at the party. 1 The body of a man………………………………………………………………………………………………………, 2 The fashion icon Mary Quant ………………………………………………………………………………………, 3 The global warming conference ……………………………………………………………………………………, 4 Formula 1 driver Eddie Irvine………………………………………………………………………………………. (relative clause), Welsh people are often quite musical. They are used to connect two clauses. The first episode opens to a scene (2)………. ... What are the two types of relative clauses? Grammar Exercises - Relative Clauses. 4: It is possible, though not very common, to use whose to refer to objects. Match each headline (1-10) with a sentence (A-J). 3. Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative pronouns who, that, which, whose, where, when. We can use prepositions with relative pronouns. Note: In US English that is more common than which or who in defining relative clauses. …………………………. You might like to watch the film. Share practice link. 1) February, which is the second month of the year, is the month ---- many of my colleagues take vacation for skiing. Relative clauses are a tool that tells us which thing or person the speaker is referencing. Combine the two sentences 2. Relative clauses in English - grammar exercises. Menu. It takes lots of practice, so make sure to write down what you learn … In non-defining relatives, there is a short pause after the main clause or between the two parts of the main clause: We were given a lovely double room (  ), which had a sea view. Can you get me one of those chocolate bars have got toffee in the middle? in non-defining relative clauses… Delete Quiz. We cannot use what to replace who, which or that: X  It was the money what I wanted, not the fame. Tutorial 8 - Grammar Practice (Relative Clauses).docx - FS0204 Tutorial 8 \u2013 Relative Clause Exercise 1 Identify if the sentences consist of defining, Identify if the sentences consist of defining or non-defining relative clauses. If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb (but by a noun or pronoun), the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Note: We do not use that in non-defining relative clauses: X  This offer, that will not be repeated, must end next week. My best friend who is from Italy moves his hands a lot when he is talking. C His contract with Ferrari finishes at the end of the season. Do the exercises below on relative clauses and click on the button to check your answers. In the first example above, if we say just Is this the book?, this does not convey the key meaning of the whole sentence, i.e. (prepositional phrase). We often use modifiers, such as all of and many of before which or whom in a non- defining relative clause to refer to the subject or object of the clause: The supermarket removed from the shelves all of its jars of tomato puree, several of which were found to contain fragments of glass. 19        the main-reason which governments fall => the main reason why governments fall. ID: 530072 Language: English School subject: English as a Second Language (ESL) Grade/level: Primero/ Segundo de secundaria Age: 12-15 Main content: Relative clauses … Relative clauses - sentences. she joins the staff of a college at (9)………… she meets a former lover. We usually use non-defining relative clauses to add extra information about the subject of a main clause: ITV’s News at Ten, which occupied the mid-evening slot for many years, was a very popular programme. Mass tourism which is a relatively recent, 2          phenomenon, brings with it a whole raft of problems. 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